Li’s research aims to develop a reliable method to monitor blood pressure with a smartphone. High blood pressure, or hypertension, affects more than 1.3 billion people globally, and while conventional devices to monitor blood pressure are accurate, they are bulky and impractical in everyday life, Li says. As an affordable and accessible alternative, Li is testing if a smartphone, outfitted with ultrasound sensors to measure blood flow and using the built-in microphone to record heart sounds, could deliver reliable readings. Li’s partnership with UMB will allow the team to conduct clinical trials, with both healthy individuals and those with hypertension, to rigorously evaluate the system’s accuracy and effectiveness.
In a separate project, Kalpakis and his colleagues are developing a new approach to help trauma physicians make better-informed treatment decisions quickly. The team is working on a machine-learning framework that can help ER doctors predict medical outcomes, such as which patients will experience severe complications from trauma such as hemorrhaging, and what their blood transfusion needs may be. Unlike other machine learning models, the new approach can update over time and deliver measures of uncertainty, helping clinicians place more trust in the model’s guidance.
“These projects highlight how interdisciplinary collaboration between UMBC and the University of Maryland School of Medicine can drive innovations in medical care and improve public health,” Li says. “I’m excited and proud to take this work forward.”
Toward the end of 2018, Chhaya Kulkarni, Ph.D. ’25, information sciences, was working as an IT analyst in India and contemplating pursuing higher education. Her mom, who had earned her own master’s degree in the ’80s, praised the mind-expanding potential of graduate work, and her cousin, who had already forged a path to UMBC, showcased the value of a Retriever education. In 2019, Kulkarni arrived on campus and began a fulfilling journey that will culminate as she dons her academic robes and is formally “hooded” at the graduate commencement ceremony on May 21. In the fall, she will be joining Towson University as an assistant professor in the Department of Computer and Information Sciences, where she will continue her research in Earth observation science and data analysis.
Q: What were your first impressions of UMBC?
A: When I came to UMBC, I was initially just going to get my master’s. I enjoyed learning and interacting with the professors—it was a completely new world for me. Here the emphasis is on: What have you understood? What’s your take on a subject? And I really felt that I belonged. So I started thinking, “What if I do a Ph.D.?” The thought had always scared me and I had read somewhere that the thing that scares you, that’s the thing that’s going to change your life.
Q: What were some of the biggest challenges you faced?
A: Throughout my life, I had instances where I would start something and then, once the thrill was gone, I just gave it up. So getting the Ph.D. was in a way a test of my ability to pursue something which is intellectually challenging, but you know, it can get tedious after a while. Also, I had a baby in 2023, and afterwards it was very challenging for me to understand how to prioritize and balance work and life tasks.
Kulkarni talks about her research at the IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium in 2023. (Image courtesy of Kulkarni)
Q: How did you meet those challenges?
A: My advisor, Dr. Vandana Janeja, has had a profound impact on my time at UMBC, and I’ve looked to her as a role model. What stood out to me from the very beginning was her ability to think several steps ahead—she has a visionary approach to research and leadership that always kept me inspired. And she inspires me to not get bogged down by hurdles in life. I remember I once spoke to her about a problem and she listened to me very patiently and then she asked me, “Okay, so what are you going to do about it?” And I realized what she was telling me was that I have the ability to fix problems.
Also, sometimes when I was overwhelmed by a task that seemed really complex and daunting, I’d talk to my mom. And she would tell me: “Why don’t you just start doing something? And you know, you’ll figure it out eventually.”
So those two things that Dr. Janeja and my mom told me—getting started and then determination to see it through—have left a profound impact on me.
Q: Are there qualities of your professors at UMBC that you’d like to emulate as you begin your own journey as a professor?
A: Yes, absolutely. When I was a teaching assistant, my supervisor was Dr. Jennifer Carter. I was struck by the care and thought she put into her teaching. She continuously refined her assignments and delivery to challenge students meaningfully. And she was so patient listening to students’ concerns. Her dedication and innovative teaching style made me reflect on how I want to teach—engaging, evolving, and impactful.
And then Dr. Janeja again. I learned so much from how she manages her time and balances multiple roles with grace, whether as a mentor, researcher, leader, or collaborator. She is incredibly strong technically and deeply organized, and yet she carries all of that with remarkable humility. Working with her shaped not just how I approached research but also how I strive to show up professionally—with clarity, purpose, and compassion.
Kulkarni (second from left) at her Ph.D candidacy ceremony with her advisor Dr. Vandana Janeja (far left), fellow Ph.D. candidate Sahara Ali (third from left) and President Valerie Sheares Ashby.
Q: How would you describe your research to the public?
Kalkarni (far right) with fellow students Emam Hossain (left) and Atefeh Jebeli at the Texas Advanced Computing Center at the University of Texas at Austin.
A: Well, first off, one of the best parts of my UMBC experience has been the chance to explore so many different topics across data science and computing—often outside my original comfort zone.
My dissertation focused on the glaciers in Greenland. We used a new type of data analysis technique to visualize vulnerable regions where the most amount of melt is happening. And the idea is that scientists can then concentrate on these regions, to better understand why they are melting faster than other regions, or to try to slow the melting. As the glaciers melts, it contributes significantly to sea level rise.
During my time at UMBC, I also received the NASA GESTAR II Fellowship, which gave me the opportunity to work with Dr. Nikki Privé, a scientist at NASA, on high-resolution digital twin simulations, which is where they make a virtual replica of the entire Earth’s atmosphere. In this case, we were using it to understand satellite data better. It was a valuable experience that connected my research to real-world applications.
I feel the most rewarding part of my research is seeing how it can be used by other people to advance science and our understanding of the world.
Q: What are some of your most memorable moments from your time at UMBC?
A: I was part of the National Science Foundation-funded research institute called iHARP, which works to integrate data science and polar science to better understand the polar regions of the Earth. There were a lot of other Ph.D. students there, and I met so many of my friends there. It was nice to meet in the hallways, ask about each others’ research, and joke around. We made many happy memories.
One of the most meaningful experiences was teaching Ethical Issues in Information Systems. While I built on existing course materials, facilitating the class helped me grow as an educator and engage students in important conversations about technology and responsibility.
Q: How do you feel about staying in Maryland after you graduate?
A: When I was applying for jobs, in the back of my mind I did always have the hope that I wouldn’t have to leave Maryland. So when I got the offer from Towson, I was thrilled. Maryland feels like home. I love the greenery around here, and I love going on hikes. In the summer I go a lot to Patapsco Valley State Park. And I love taking my son to the National Aquarium in Baltimore. That’s another place I proudly endorse.
Janerra Allen, Ph.D. ’25, electrical engineering, studies electrical signals in the brain, looking for patterns that might help doctors diagnose or treat mental disorders such as schizophrenia. As a first-generation college student she forged her own path, mastering complex subjects so that she could reach the pinnacle of higher education—producing new knowledge.
Although she encountered challenges along the way, she never gave up, and she always found time to support her fellow students facing their own challenges. During her time at UMBC, she served as a graduate senator for the College of Engineering and Information Technology, secretary of the Graduate Student Association, and president of the Black Graduate Student Organization. “Janerra works tirelessly to create inclusive, supportive spaces for students,” says Jennifer Artis, the senior director of student belonging at UMBC. “Her ability to balance these leadership roles with her demanding Ph.D. research speaks volumes about her dedication, time management, and unwavering passion for service.”
Q: How did you get interested in science and technology?
A: When I was a child, I was interested in putting things together—“engineer” wasn’t in my vocabulary yet, so I think the word I used then was inventor. I wanted to be an inventor. I remember once trying to make a telescope out of a magnifying glass and an old paper towel roll.
When I was in middle school, I read a magazine article about Denis Mukwege, a doctor from the Democratic Republic of Congo who helped treat victims of sexual violence. Reading about the impact of his work made me realize I wanted to do healthcare related work too.
Q: How did you find your way to UMBC?
Allen poses on the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, where she completed a 3-month internship at Genentech, Inc. in 2023. (Image courtesy of Allen)
A: I went to the Benjamin Banneker Academy for Community Development in Brooklyn, New York, for high school, and then to the University of Wisconsin Madison for undergrad. I got my degree in material science engineering. It was at Wisconsin that I decided to focus on studying the brain, and I worked in a neuroimaging lab, imaging the brains of people who had suffered a stroke. The idea was to improve rehabilitation by stimulating the correct parts of the brain.
After graduating, and working in a lab for a year, I moved back to the East Coast and worked for a telehealth company, troubleshooting medical devices. But I knew I wanted to pursue graduate school. Someone I knew from Wisconsin actually suggested UMBC as a place to apply. She said it was a small, supportive school. UMBC is the only graduate school I applied to. I thought, “If it’s meant to be, I’m gonna end up here.”
Q: Who at UMBC has had the biggest impact on your time here?
A: So many people have profoundly influenced my time at UMBC. If I had to pick just one, I’d have to say Ms. Justine Johnson, mainly because she’s known me from the very beginning. She’s the associate director of the Graduate Research Training Initiative for Student Enhancement, and before I even arrived, she worked tirelessly with me for months to resolve funding concerns. We had so many phone calls and emails back and forth before I even came. And she really advocated for me in ways that reassured me I was worthy of continuing my graduate pursuits.
Q: What motivates you to get involved with student organizations?
A: When I was in Wisconsin I joined the National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE) and the Society of Women Engineers. At NSBE, I went from being a member to eventually being the president for two years, which I was very, very proud of.
When I first arrived at UMBC, I focused first on my school work and research. But then I started to get more involved. In 2022, I went to the Ebony Ball, which is a yearly celebration held by the Black Graduate Student Organization (BGSO), and the president at the time encouraged me to become part of the executive board.
I know it’s sometimes hard to get grad students to be truly involved because we have so much going on, and we’re at more of an adult stage where we have our separate lives. But in the end, I decided to step up.
BGSO holds a special place in my journey because it fosters community, provides academic and professional resources, and creates a supportive space for Black graduate students. As president for the past two years, I have learned valuable lessons about leadership, resilience, and the importance of appreciating the process.
Q: What are your plans for after graduation?
A: I’ll be working as a post-doc at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab in their health and human machine systems group. I’ll have to propose my own project, and I’m thinking about how to analyze conditions that affect war veterans’ brains.
I love research, and I love that it can look very different depending on where you are. In the future, I can imagine working as a research director or as a professor. I love people and love mentoring them.
Q: How does your family feel about you graduating with a Ph.D?
A: Funny enough, some of them are just like “Wow, finally!” But they’re definitely proud. My grandma likes to brag, saying “My granddaughter is doing all these things; she’s going to be a doctor.” It’s been nice to have opportunities when my family visited and got to see what graduate student life is like, because that’s something they are not really familiar with.
Overall, they’re grateful that I got to see this process through. They had to live through my complaints and my worries and thinking that it was not meant to be. But with their support, they got to see me come through on the other side.
Allen (far left) celebrates with UMBC colleagues as President Valerie Sheares Ashby accepts her 2022 Technologist of the Year award at the Women of Color STEM DTX Conference. (Image courtesy of Allen)
Q: How are you going to celebrate?
A: I’ll graduate this summer and my start date for my post-doc is July 14. My birthday is also coming up, so whatever I do, it’ll probably be a combination of relaxation and something else. I want to do something big to celebrate, maybe travel, but I don’t know yet. Right now I’m focused on crossing the finish line.
Williams and a Jibo robot show some UMBC pride. (Photo courtesy of Williams)
As a senior in high school in Prince George’s County, Maryland, Randi Williams ’16, computer engineering, was almost certain she was going to MIT for undergrad. Since middle school she’d had the understanding that MIT was the school “for people who want to build things,” and by spring of senior year she had already been admitted under early action. But fate had other plans.
Her mother had learned about UMBC’s Meyerhoff Scholars Program from a 60 Minutes segment that aired right around when Williams was applying to colleges. The nationally renowned Meyerhoff Scholars Program, founded in 1988, works to increase diversity among future leaders in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics by supporting students who intend to pursue a Ph.D. or combined M.D./Ph.D. in these fields.
Williams applied to the program and it was during an on-campus event for top Meyerhoff applicants that her mind began to change. She was impressed with the support and camaraderie the program offered. In the end, Williams opted to become a Retriever—and never looked back.
“If I hadn’t gone to UMBC, I don’t think I would have developed the leadership skills I did,” says Williams, who is returning to campus on April 16 as the keynote speaker for Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement Day. “My mentors always encouraged me to speak up. I really benefited from that.”
Lifting others up along the way
At UMBC, Williams embraced myriad opportunities to learn and grow. She excelled in her classes, conducted research in the Mobile, Pervasive, and Sensor System Lab of Professor Nilanjan Banerjee, and was involved in the Meyerhoff Scholars, Honors College, and Center for Women in Technology communities.
“Randi’s work was noticeably excellent,” says Charles LaBerge, Ph.D. ’03, electrical engineering, a professor of the practice in the Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering who taught Williams in six different courses, from Intro to Engineering to her senior capstone, in which she and her team worked on underwater vision for a robotic sub. “Randi is always upbeat and friendly. Her capstone peers regarded her as a great teammate.”
In her sophomore year, Williams co-founded the hackUMBC student group with fellow Meyerhoff Scholar Perry Ogwuche ’14, computer science and mathematics, and organized the university’s first hackathon, a 24-hour competition where teams of students create innovative solutions to problems that matter to them. Using that experience, she also ran hackathons for youth in Baltimore, centered around issues of community safety and interactions with police.
Randi Williams, far right, and other hackUMBC attendees pose for a photo with then UMBC President Freeman Hrabowski. (Photo courtesy of Williams)
Williams always wanted the people around her to succeed, and worked hard to lift everyone up, says her UMBC roommate of four years, Amreen Chadha ’16, financial economics: “I saw Randi pull all-nighters just to help her peers with studying and assignments that she had already completed.”
Throughout her time at UMBC, Williams stayed true to her passions and ideals, Chadha says. “Randi was always herself in the absolute best way: She was honest, thoughtful, caring, and all around great. If I had something on my mind, I was never afraid to be open with her. She balanced her school work and social life so well that it drove others around her to find the same balance.”
To MIT and beyond
After graduating summa cum laude, Williams did at last say “yes” to MIT, where she joined the Personal Robots Group at MIT’s Media Lab. She earned a master’s in media arts in sciences in 2018 and a Ph.D. in the same field in 2024. Williams studied how young children understand and interact with AI, and worked on tools and teaching methods to enable young learners to undertake their own AI-based projects. She developed robots, called PopBots, that can teach AI concepts to preschoolers through social interaction, and also developed a middle school AI and ethics curriculum used by thousands of teachers around the world called “How to Train Your Robot.”
Williams tells the story of one young student she met who wanted to become a doctor and was not, at first, particularly interested in AI. But through a project in Williams’ class the student developed an AI tool to translate when a doctor and patient don’t speak the same language. “This student was inspired by her own situation of translating for her mother in doctors’ offices, and she imagined an AI companion that could do the same,” Williams says.
Williams says the anecdote illustrates how she would like young people to see AI—as a tool to empower themselves and address the problems they see around them.
Williams speaks about teaching with AI during STEAMConf Barcelona 2024, a conference about technology education. (Image courtesy of Williams)
Making AI accessible for all
In the summer of 2026, Williams will head to Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh to become an assistant professor in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute.
“Running my own research lab has been my dream for years,” Williams says.
Before beginning that next chapter, she is working as a research lead at Day of AI, a nonprofit organization spun out of MIT, with the mission of preparing K-12 students of all backgrounds and abilities to be successful, responsible, and engaged in an increasingly AI-powered society. The mission fits with Williams’ passion of making technology education accessible to everyone.
“AI is like a big wave approaching us. We can either put our heads in the sand and pretend it’s not coming, or we can ride the wave,” she says. “I want everyone riding the wave.”
Although pop culture often portrays AI as an adversary of humans, Williams prefers to focus on the collaborative potential.
“I tell my students, this is what AI can create—And I’ll make a small circle with my hands; this is what humans can create, and I’ll make a bigger circle; And, putting my arms out wide—this is what we can create together.”
On a sunny and unseasonably warm Halloween this past fall, a group of costumed UMBC students strolled the banks of the Inner Harbor in Baltimore. The costumes were in good fun, but the spirit driving them to the city that day was more scientific than spectral: They were there to check on samplers they had installed around the harbor to measure the concentrations of certain chemicals called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, in the water.
On Halloween, from right to left, Alvin Bett, an undergraduate student working in Blaney’s lab, Hamidi, Siao, and Leigh Auth, a boat captain with the Waterfront Partnership of Baltimore who helped the group access the trash wheels to install their PFAS sensors. (Image courtesy of Siao)
PFAS are used in a diverse range of products, including cleaning products, clothing, and fire-fighting foam, and have earned the nickname “forever chemicals” because of the way they persist in the environment. There are growing concerns about the health effects of the chemicals, and in recent years there have been efforts to eliminate PFAS from some consumer products and regulate their concentration in drinking water.
The UMBC students’ work to measure PFAS in Baltimore Harbor is one of the first projects aiming to get an understanding of how much of the chemicals are found in the waters around Baltimore and where they might be coming from. Margaret Siao, a master’s student in chemical engineering, took a lead role in the work as part of the ICARE program, which links researchers and Baltimore community members on environmental projects around the city.
Donya Hamidi, an environmental engineering Ph.D. student, also took part in the project, which served as a test case for a larger project she is working on, seeking to expand the utility of innovative passive samplers to measure PFAS in any water source.
“I’ve lived in Baltimore most of my life,” says Siao. “The harbor is a big part of the city, although many people don’t go out on the water. And that’s one of the reasons I wanted to look at the water quality.”
PFAS are everywhere
There are thousands of different PFAS chemicals. Because of their widespread use and resistance to degradation, they are found throughout the country in the water, soil, air, and food, and in the blood of humans and animals.
Exposure to some forms of PFAS has been linked to a range of health problems, including decreased fertility in women, developmental effects in children, reduced immune function, and increased risk of cancer and obesity.
“The PFAS issue just gets more and more complicated by the day,” says Lee Blaney, the environmental engineering professor who leads the lab where Siao and Hamidi work. He notes the EPA recently released an initial risk assessment for certain PFAS found in biosolids, which are a byproduct of wastewater treatment and are sometimes applied to agricultural land as fertilizer. “It’s a big, far-reaching issue.”
Partnering with the community
Blaney is an expert on PFAS, and as concerns about the prevalence and potential health effects of the chemicals have grown, his lab has been a leading partner with Baltimore community members who advocate for and are responsible for the quality of the water.
Hamidi (left) and Siao in the lab where they analyze samples for PFAS concentrations. (Image courtesy of Hamidi)
Siao’s ICARE project was a partnership with the United States Geological Survey Maryland-Delaware-D.C. Water Science Center and Blue Water Baltimore, a non-profit organization with the mission to restore the quality of Baltimore’s rivers, streams, and harbor. Blue Water Baltimore shared their knowledge of the harbor and area waterways and their connections with the community, while lab members shared their expertise and will share their PFAS data once it has been analyzed.
“PFAS is a hot topic, so Margaret’s project is really good timing,” says Barbara Johnson, who was Siao’s mentor at Blue Water Baltimore. “I think her data will be very useful for us in helping the public understand what PFAS are, for example just understanding how many different kinds there are. Margaret has taught me so much about PFAS.”
As part of the field work, Siao and Hamidi also sampled water at the outlet of the Patapsco Wastewater Treatment Plant in Baltimore. That partnership arose when Mohammed Almafrachi, who works as an engineer for the Baltimore City Department of Public Works, became interested in the PFAS issue and sought out a local expert.
“Last year, I found Dr. Blaney’s name on the internet. I drove to the campus, found his office, and he was there. I introduced myself as an engineer at the city of Baltimore, and we sat down and started talking,” Almafrachi says. From that conversation grew not only the collaboration to measure PFAS at the wastewater treatment plant, but also a tour of Baltimore’s largest drinking water treatment plant that Almafrachi gave students in Blaney’s class on environmental physicochemical processes last spring. Almafrachi said he was happy to provide students with a window on a real-world workplace where their skills might one day be applied.
“If you have not gone to the field, then you are not yet a full engineer,” says Almafrachi. “We can talk about theories and textbooks endlessly, but the field is where you really test your skills.”
The value of field work
Almafrachi (right) led a tour of the Ashburton Filtration Plant, Baltimore’s largest drinking water treatment plant, for students in Blaney’s environmental physicochemical processes class. (Photo courtesy of Blaney)
Siao and Hamidi agree with Almafrachi about the value of field work. They installed their PFAS samplers at three of the four trash wheels around Baltimore Harbor—personified contraptions named Mr. Trash Wheel, Professor Trash Wheel, and Gwynnda the Good Wheel of the West that collect floating trash and keep it from dirtying the harbor. To get to the trash wheels, they took a flat-bottomed wooden boat, “more like a floating platform with a little cabin,” Siao says.
“Almost every time we collected a sampler, we saw something new or unexpected, for example algae growing on the sampler, and we had to figure out what was going on at that particular site,” says Hamidi. The team’s work and the measurements they collected and are currently analyzing will serve as a foundation for future studies about PFAS in the local environment.
Both Hamidi and Siao say they valued the teamwork of their trips, and the chance to meet people in the community impacted by their research.
“If you are stuck in a lab all day, it’s easy to forget why you’re doing research,” says Siao. “This project gave me a chance to interact with people outside of academia, to learn about what’s important to them, and to learn how to communicate about science with them, which is a really important skill.”
A multidisciplinary team of UMBC researchers was recently awarded $3.8 million from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to develop new computational methods for assessing the feasibility of scientific claims. The project is motivated by the speed and volume of new developments in science and the need for tools to help evaluate the soundness of new claims.
“Some scientific claims are peer reviewed by independent experts, but others, such as from company press releases, or papers posted to pre-prints sites, are not,” says Frank Ferraro, an associate professor of computer science and lead researcher on the award. And even when science is peer-reviewed, there can still be errors, Ferraro notes. For example, recent research highlighting the danger of flame retardant chemicals leaching from black plastic into food was widely reported on, before it was discovered that an error in the paper led to a significant overstating of the exposure risk.
An AI science assistant
The idea of an AI assistant specifically designed to tackle complex research questions has been catching on recently. OpenAI, the creators of ChatGPT, recently debuted their “DeepResearch” tool, which the company says can use reasoning to synthesize large amounts of online information and complete multi-step research tasks.
Ferraro says the tool he and his colleagues hope to develop should stand-out from other approaches by employing a strongly iterative process, necessary to really take apart and analyze claims. The tool will break down a scientific claim into constituent sub-claims, and apply a wide range of evidence and reasoning approaches to assess the feasibility of each one.
Tejas Gokhale (Marlayna Demond ’11/UMBC) Frank Ferraro (Image courtesy of Ferraro)Tyler Josephson (Marlayna Demond ’11/UMBC)
The team, which includes UMBC faculty Tejas Gokhale, computer science and electrical engineering, and Tyler Josephson, chemical, biochemical, and environmental engineering, as well as colleagues from Stony Brook University, the University of Texas at Austin, and the University of Cambridge, will develop and test the tool on three leading areas of scientific research: materials science, AI, and quantum computing.
“It’s a little meta that the AI will be analyzing AI,” Ferraro says. More than 20 UMBC undergrads, grad students, and post-docs will take part in the project. “They’ll get opportunities to network with peers on a highly relevant topic,” Ferraro says. “They’ll be helping guide the national conversation on these issues.”
The TowerCares Foundation, the philanthropic arm of the Laurel, Maryland-based Tower Federal Credit Union, has partnered with UMBC’s Cybersecurity Institute to create a new scholarship fund for UMBC students studying cybersecurity. The scholarships will support students in the university’s Cyber Scholars Program, a program with a track record of more than 10 years nurturing the next generation of cybersecurity professionals. The program provides financial aid, a welcoming community, unique courses, mentoring, and the chance for students to take part in cybersecurity research and internships early in their academic careers.
“Our mission is to help our community thrive, and partnering with institutions like UMBC—recognized as a leader in information technology and cybersecurity—is a key part of that effort,” says Allen Brisentine, chairman of the TowerCares Foundation. “The entire Maryland region benefits from UMBC’s renowned and highly regarded cybersecurity program.”
As cyber threats, ransomware, and data breaches have become daily realities in our increasingly digital world, the demand for skilled cybersecurity professionals remains strong. The Cyber Scholars Program has launched the careers of over 100 graduates, many of whom have gone on to jobs safeguarding the digital data of government agencies, businesses, and everyday consumers.
“Last year we celebrated the 10th anniversary of the program, and it was such a great feeling to meet program alumni who have become cybersecurity leaders,” says Anupam Joshi, acting dean of the College of Engineering and Information Technology. “We’re deeply grateful to the TowerCares Foundation for supporting this important work that both helps grow the cybersecurity workforce and makes it more inclusive.”
Where can UMBC engineering and computing students mingle with friends and mentors over sweet treats, test their knowledge and design skills in friendly competition, and network with potential employers? If it’s February, the answer is the annual Engineering and Computing Week, a traditional celebration of technology, held each year at UMBC to coincide with National Engineers Week.
The UMBC chapter of the engineering honors society Tau Beta Pi, in collaboration with various student engineering organizations on campus, organizes the week of activities each year. This year, the line-up of events featured a mix of social activities, such as painting and crafting, presentations from student organizations, and chances for teams to compete in games testing engineering knowledge and design skills.
Students build devices to direct water flow, during the Engineers Without Borders “Where’s My Water” event. (Image courtesy of August Phelps)
Students could also join faculty, staff, and alumni from the College of Engineering and Information Technology at an evening reception at the Guinness Brewery near UMBC to socialize and network.
“I think the biggest success from the week was the great turnout and engagement we got from the students,” says August Phelps, a mechanical engineering senior and vice president of the UMBC chapter of Tau Beta Pi.
He says the event showcases the wide variety of engineering-focused student organizations at UMBC, which hold events throughout the year and offer great opportunities for students to develop leadership skills and form lasting connections with their peers.
“I hope attendees left feeling more connected as a community,” he says.
When Samuel Bendek, a current mechanical engineering sophomore at UMBC, was still in high school, he worked in a soccer ball factory in his native country of Colombia. At some point, he was given the job of figuring out how much energy the balls retained after bouncing off a wall.
Juliana Bendek, co-founder of Elastic Energy. (Photo courtesy of UpSurge Baltimore)
He went to work, measuring and calculating. “And it turned out, it was greater than 90 percent,” Bendek says. “I was surprised that a soccer ball is so energy efficient!”
The balls were made from natural rubber, made from the sap of certain trees. When the balls hit a wall, the rubber compresses, storing the kinetic energy from their motion in elastic potential energy. Then, as the balls bounce back, the elastic potential energy turns back into kinetic energy, with very low energy loss.
The experience got Bendek thinking—what if rubber could store more than the energy of a soccer player’s kick? What if it could store energy from the sun and the wind?
About five years later, Bendek and his sister and fellow entrepreneur Juliana Bendek pitched that very idea on the stage at the inaugural Maryland Student Ventures Showcase, held February 18 in Baltimore to celebrate the nine local student ventures selected for the first-ever Pava LaPere Innovation Awards. As an award-winner, the Bendeks’ company Elastic Energy will receive $50,000 from the state of Maryland to further its development of a mechanical battery made from natural rubber.
The award and showcase marked the latest step in Bendek’s entrepreneurial journey. Along the way he has embraced the support and guidance of friends, family, and mentors, from UMBC and beyond.
“I have always wanted to create things, since I was a kid destroying my grandmother’s clock to build a new toy,” says Bendek. “This is an opportunity to create something that makes the world a better place.”
From garage tinkering to investor meetings
Shortly after his soccer-ball-inspired light-bulb moment, Bendek got to work in his proverbial garage, experimenting with different ways to stretch rubber and store energy. When he had a decent prototype, he recruited his sister to join his efforts.
“My sister is super smart and very good at connecting to people,” says Bendek. “When I had the prototype, I called her up at like 2 a.m. in the morning. I said, ‘It’ll work. Let’s do this thing together.’”
With some initial funding from family and friends the two started developing the next phase of the technology, while also pitching new investors and building out their team.
Along the way, Bendek, who is also a competitive swimmer, was recruited by UMBC and decided to become a Retriever. He took his dreams to Maryland, and it didn’t take him long to connect with UMBC’s resources for student entrepreneurs.
He reached out to Kevin Fulmer, the director of the Alex. Brown Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, which supports the entrepreneurial mindset at UMBC with courses, speaker series featuring business leaders, startup accelerator programs, and assistance with business ideas and networking with experts.
UMBC student Sophia Grillo, Juliana Bendek, Kevin Fulmer, Samuel Bendek, UMBC student Femi Adisa, and Hamza Umar ’21, M.S. ’24, mechanical engineering, gather at the Maryland Student Venture Showcase. (Photo courtesy of UpSurge Baltimore)
“I met Samuel when he was still a first-year student,” says Fulmer. “He came in with a slide deck that included pictures of a working prototype, and I was really impressed. We started meeting on a regular basis and it’s been really fun to see his progress and certainly exciting to see him win things like this $50,000 grant.”
“Kevin has helped me a lot,” says Bendek. “He helped me build a business plan, put me in touch with local experts, and helped find opportunities like the Pava LaPere Innovation Grant.”
Imagining a clean energy future
The batteries Bendek’s company plans to build are slim cylinders a little taller than an average person. Inside, a motor, ideally powered by solar cells or other renewable sources of energy, stretches a 100-meter elastic band to more than ten times its original length by winding it around an inner core. When the power to the motor is turned off, the system can go into reverse. The motor becomes an electric generator, powered by the unwinding elastic band.
Each battery can store about 1 kilowatt-hours of energy—For comparison, a typical American household uses about 30 kilowatt hours of electricity a day.
While Elastic Energy’s batteries cannot provide as much energy as chemical batteries of the same weight, Bendek says their main selling points are that they are long-lasting, relatively inexpensive, and don’t require the mining of minerals like lithium, which can damage the environment and also lead to geopolitical tensions due to the minerals’ uneven distribution around the world.
The company plans to first target the consumer market, offering the batteries as backup power for homes or RVs. Eventually, they hope they can become part of the solution for grid-scale energy storage.
Bendek plans to test the technology this summer in a remote, off-grid town in Colombia to demonstrate its viability.
“These batteries are a technology that really has the potential to grow, I’m confident of that,” says Fulmer. “And Samuel has a great mindset—the entrepreneurial mindset of making things happen.”
A six-person UMBC team built international connections at the “PIWOT – World of Technology” conference, held in late January in Mumbai, India. The conference is organized by the alumni association for graduates of the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), and attracts many of the leaders in science and technology in India and around the world. The CEO of Alphabet, Inc. (Google’s parent company), the co-founder of Sun Microsystems, and the CEO of IBM are all graduates of IITs.
UMBC was represented at the conference by Anupam Joshi, acting dean of the College of Engineering and Information Technology; Upal Ghosh, professor in the Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering; Ramana Vinjamuri, associate professor in the Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering and director of the NSF IUCRC BRAIN Center; Govind Rao, director of the Center for Advanced Sensor Technology and professor in the Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering; Karuna Pande Joshi, professor in the Department of Information Systems and director of the NSF IUCRC Center for Accelerated Real Time Analytics; and David Di Maria, senior international officer and associate vice provost for international education at UMBC.
Dean Joshi spoke at the conference about the impact of technology on education. (Photo courtesy of Govind Rao)
The UMBC team staffed a well-trafficked booth in the Expo Hall. As an extension of the meeting, they also visited IITs at Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Tirupati, and met with the directors of these institutions to discuss institutional agreements and lay the groundwork for international faculty and student exchanges.
This year’s PIWOT conference focused on the impact of technology across multiple dimensions of life, from the professional to the personal. Dean Joshi took part as a speaker on a panel about the impact of technology on education. The UMBC booth also displayed the low-cost infant incubator developed by Professor Govind Rao.
The UMBC booth displayed the low-cost infant incubator developed by Professor Govind Rao. (Photo courtesy of Karuna Joshi)
Making assumptions is a habit of life, a way to speed up decisions. Sometimes these mental short-cuts, however, lead us astray.
Such was the situation when Lorenz Kopp, an engineering master’s student at Germany’s Regensburg University of Applied Sciences who was visiting UMBC this fall for a 50-day exchange project, assumed the ovens in the U.S. lab he was working in would use the Fahrenheit temperature scale. He filled a mold with a plastic-like gel the group was using to make flexible accordion-shaped structures, put it in the oven to set, and sat back.
“And then I started to smell burning,” he says, with a smile. The ovens were in fact operating in Celsius, and he had set the temperature too high.
Kopp came to the U.S. with fellow Regensburg student Björn Michelmann to work with mechanical engineering professor Paris von Lockette. Their project was part of a bigger assumption-questioning enterprise—in particular probing the behavior of materials called soft magnets.
Kopp and Michelmann designed and made magnetically active accordion structures from a flexible, plastic-like material. (Images courtesy of Lorenz Kopp)
Soft magnetic materials tend to be metals that easily respond to (become magnetized in) the presence of a magnetic field, but go back to “normal” when the field is removed. This is in contrast to hard magnetic materials, which can be permanently magnetized. A typical fridge magnet is an example of a hard magnetic material, while a piece of iron is an example of a soft magnetic material.
Engineers are interested in magnets as a way to wirelessly control robots, but soft magnets are often assumed to offer a less versatile range of movements for these applications than hard magnets.
For about seven weeks during the fall semester, Kopp and Michelmann set up and ran a series of experiments putting some of these assumptions to the test. They designed accordion structures made from a flexible plastic-like material and embedded either soft or hard magnets in the accordions’ pleats. They then recorded how the structures folded or unfolded when exposed to magnetic fields. Early analysis of the results hints that the soft magnets may offer more versatility than initially assumed.
“It was great working with Lorenz and Björn. They were exceptionally productive,” von Lockette says. “We got interesting results and we’re working to write them up in a paper.”
Soft magnetic materials are appealing to engineers because they are cheaper and more biocompatible than hard magnetic materials, and also require less energy to be magnetized and demagnetized. If the group can demonstrate novel ways to get extra degrees of control over their movement, it could open a host of new applications, including in robots that assist in surgery or devices that are implanted in the human body to deliver drugs, monitor diseases, or substitute for the function of lost or damaged organs.
An international collaboration
Kopp near the truck he and Michelmann drove to Shenandoah National Park. (Image courtesy of Lorenz Kopp)
Kopp and Michelmann got the opportunity to visit UMBC through funding by the German Academic Exchange Service. Their advisor at Regensburg University of Applied Sciences—Mikhail Chamonine—knew von Lockette through the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and together they arranged the details of the visit with the help of the Office of International Students and Scholars at UMBC. Chamonine specializes in the physics of electromagnetic fields, and his lab in Germany performs many experiments with rubber-based soft magnetic materials. Von Lockette has developed his career around turning science insights about magnetically active soft materials into new applications and devices. The area of magnetic control of robots was a natural overlap.
While Kopp and Michelmann spent plenty of time in the lab during their visit, they also had chances to explore the areas surrounding UMBC on weekends. They visited the National Aquarium in Baltimore, took in a Raven’s football game, and drove to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia. They also enjoyed campus life, attending Homecoming weekend in October and regularly visiting the Retriever Activity Center to work out.
Michelmann says it was eye-opening to experience life on a U.S. university campus. “In a lot of U.S. films, there are fraternities and sororities with houses where they party every night. But I learned that stereotype doesn’t apply to UMBC.” He says he was pleasantly surprised by the variety of activities on campus, from sporting events, to tabletop games, to events such as bingo and craft nights organized by the Student Events Board.
Advancing science and technology
Von Lockette says he hopes to continue the collaboration with Regensburg University of Applied Sciences, and to arrange trips for UMBC students to visit Germany in the future.
Kopp, Michelmann, von Lockette, and Chamonine remain in touch as they write up the results of their experiments. When they noticed some unexpected behavior of the soft magnet accordions, von Lockette says he found himself thinking back to discussions he had with Chamonine about the importance of what are called demagnetizing terms in equations describing the magnetization of materials. The terms are affected by the geometry of the material and explain, for example, why when you put an iron nail in a magnetic field, it is easier for the nail to magnetize along its length, rather than perpendicular to it.
The researchers are testing whether they can explain the behavior of the soft magnets they tested—and the difference from the hard magnets—using demagnetizing field calculations. A better understanding of the behavior could guide future experiments trying to demonstrate greater versatility of movements and finer control.
The researchers recorded and analyzed how the accordion structures folded or unfolded when exposed to magnetic fields. (Video courtesy of Lorenz Kopp)
“We’ll experiment with different materials and different geometries. We’re wondering: If we apply this field, what can we make it do that we didn’t think it could do?” von Lockette says.
Von Lockette has a history of getting fellow researchers to consider the usefulness of materials they may have overlooked. Earlier in his career, he published a paper demonstrating the potential of a new type of magnetically active material—in that case made with hard magnets.
“That was my first big splash,” he says. Now he’s happy to give soft magnets their due too, while also encouraging a new generation of researchers, including Kopp and Michelmann.
Chamonine is also pleased with the work of his students. “They are working to get the results published, which is not typical for a short project,” he says.
Beyond pushing the assumptions of what could get done in the lab in seven weeks, Kopp and Michelmann also enjoyed the typical world-expanding experience of international travel. “It was not only the science,” Chamonine says, “but they also had a chance to stay in the United States. I think for them it was absolutely an exciting moment in life.”
Kopp and Michelmann visited New York at the end of their U.S. trip. (Image courtesy of Lorenz Kopp)
On January 31, the CASH Campaign of Maryland, a nonprofit working to promote the economic advancement of low-to-moderate income individuals and families in Baltimore and across Maryland, kicked off the 2025 tax season with a press conference at UMBC promoting free tax prep services in the Baltimore area, including services offered on the UMBC campus.
Maryland Governor Wes Moore, Maryland Comptroller Brooke Lierman, U.S. Congressman Kweisi Mfume, and new U.S. Congressman Johnny Olszewski, Ph.D. ’17, public policy, spoke at the event, applauding the reach of the CASH Campaign and the UMBC student volunteers who make time to help their fellow Marylanders.
UMBC student Riaz Chaudry, a senior in financial economics, who has volunteered at the UMBC free tax prep site since his first year and now serves as the student president and site coordinator, also spoke about his experience.
Financial economics senior Riaz Chaudry, who has volunteered at the UMBC free tax prep site for 4 years, spoke about his experiences. (Marlayna Demond ’11/UMBC)
Chaudry says that when he arrived on campus, he explored many student clubs and other ways to get involved. Volunteering to help prepare taxes for low-to-moderate income Marylanders was the activity that most inspired him, because he felt the immediate impact of giving back to the community.
“It’s rewarding knowing that I am making a difference in people’s lives,” he says.
Tax prep comes to UMBC
UMBC’s role as a free tax prep site started close to a decade ago, when Trisha Wells, theassistant vice provost for administration and finance for the Division of Professional Studies, says she and a few other UMBC community members who had volunteered as tax preparers at other sites came together to apply to open a UMBC site. The CASH Campaign supported the group with the application process, while UMBC partners such as Residential Life, the Division of Information Technology, the Career Center, and the Shriver Center worked to get space, computers, and more volunteers. The partnership continues with the CASH Campaign, which trains UMBC’s volunteers every year to be ready to prepare tax returns.
In the first year, the UMBC site prepared 115 tax returns, and now averages around 400 per year. Hundreds of trained student volunteers have participated in the efforts, which have saved clients hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Volunteer tax preparers were on hand at the press event to help qualified Marylanders with their taxes. (Marlayna Demond ’11/UMBC)
This year, any individual or family in Maryland with a household income of $67,000 or less qualifies for the free tax prep services. Wells says a wide diversity of people have come to the UMBC site over the years, including retirees and people self-employed with jobs such as drivers and home health aides. The services not only save clients tax preparation fees—they often educate people about tax credits they didn’t know they qualified for.
Helping Marylanders save their earned money
The press conference was held on “National Earned Income Tax Credit Awareness Day,” to raise the visibility of a tax credit designed to help low-to-moderate income individuals and families save money on their taxes.
Chaudry says he remembers helping a client last year file a 2023 return, and also amend her 2022 and 2021 returns. Thanks to the earned income credit, Chaudry says the client received a refund, which she was planning to use on unpaid bills. “Delivering the news to her, I could see that she was immediately relieved,” he says. “This is one of the most rewarding feelings as a volunteer.”
Wells agrees that helping clients get better tax refunds is a great part of the job. She also loves how the effort brings together UMBC staff, community, and students, and how the student volunteers learn and grow throughout the tax season.
“Many of our students have graduated, but still come back to volunteer when they can. It is that rewarding!” she says.
